Method of rigidly securing wire to other objects.



No. 728,118, PATENTBD MAY 12, 1903.

E. P. LEHMANN. METHOD OF RIGIDLY SECURING WIRE TO OTHER OBJECTS.

APPLICATION FILED NV. 4, 1901. 7

N0 MODEL I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- PATENTBD MAY-12,1903. B; P. LEHMANN. v METHOD OF RIGIDLY SECURING WIRE TO OTHER OBJECTS.

APPL IOAT ION FILED NOV. 4. 1901.

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F y/3, Fly/6 wawe 06M UNITED STATES IPatented'May 12, 190%? ".PATENT OFF C ERNST PAUL LEHMANN, OF BRANDENBURG, GERMANY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 728,118, dated May 12, 1903.

Application filed November 4. 1901- Serial No. 81,063. (No model- To all whom, it may concern:

made application for Letters Patent in Germany, Serial No. L. 15,395, dated April 10,

1901; in France, dated June 7, 1901, and in England, No. 11,605, dated June 6, 1901,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved method of rigidly securing wire-for instance, a shaft, shank, or stem of WlI'BTlJO other objectsfor instance, to partsof atoy many other articlesand the purpose of this invention is to avoid soldering, welding, sealing, or cementing the wire to such other parts or objects, which may consist of sheet metal or any other material, such as porcelain, cast-iron, lead, 860.

This new and improved method of rigidly securing wire to other objects consists in flattening or deforming one or more portions of 'the wire and in lodging the same within apertures of different shape provided within the said parts'or objects or within apertures of the like shape arranged in different positions,

as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The accompanying drawings, illustrating several forms as examples, are intended to make my invention well understood.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 illustrates a piece of wire flattened at one portion of its length, the flattened portion being seen in side elevation.

sents the same figure as Fig. 5, with the wire ,finally and rigidly secured within the sides of the metal fan. Fig. 7 illustrates the mode of securing the wire, shaped as shown in Figs.

1' and 2, within the two sides of a sheet-metal whee/lithe wire being shown lodged within the apertures of the two sides of metal before heingfinally secured in position. Fig. 8 is a side view of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the sheet-metal wheel corresponding to Fig. 7. with the wire finally secured in position Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the Wheel according to Fig. 9. Fig. 11 shows the shape of the. aperture in one of the wheel sides for lodging the wire. Fig. 12 illustrates the shape of the aperture in one of the wheel sides, with the end of the wire placed across the slit according to one modification of my invention. Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation representing another modification of rigidly securing the wire to-an article of sheet metal. Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation representing a further modification of rigidly securing the wire to an article of sheet metal, such as a wheel. Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation representing another modification of this invention. Fig. 16 illustrates the shape of the aperture in one ofthe'sides of the object to be secured to the wire. Fig. 17 illustrates the shape of the aperture in the other side of the object to be secured to the wire. Fig. 18 is a side elevation of a wire lodged; in one half side of a'handle, illustrating another modification of my invention. Fig. 19 is a side elevation of a wire lodged within both jointed half parts of the handle, according to the same modification. Fig. 20 represents the two half parts of the said handle jointed to each other, seen against the end of said handle; and Fig. 21 represents the two half parts of said handle separate from each other and seen against the 0pposite side or shaft end of the said handle.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a is a piece of wire of any convenient lengthandpreferably of circular cross-section, which will be supposed to be adoptedthroughout the other modifications and figures of the drawings, though the cross-section of the wire might be polygonal, oval, angular, or square without changing the material features of this invention. As clearly shown in Fig. 1, the fiattened portion 1) of the wire a exceeds in width the original diameter or cross-section of the wire a. The end of the Wire, as at c, at first retains the original cross-section.

For securing the wire a within the sides at and e of a fan or other object, as shown in Fig. 5, one of the said sidessay e-is provided with an aperture of the shape represented in Fig. 11, allowing the passage of both the original cross-section of the wire and of its portion 1), extended in width, as before described. The otherside of the fan-say d is provided with an aperture corresponding to the original cross-section of the wiresay of circular shape as seen in Fig. 8. The wire is introduced into the two sides 6 and d from the side 6, and the end 0 projects through the side d. The flattened portion 12 of the wire is prevented from turning within the slot of the side (2, and the same flat portion 1) of the wire cannot proceed through the round aperture of the side (1. According to Fig. 5, the wire could nevertheless be withdrawn as it has been introduced. To prevent such sliding back, the projecting end 0 of the wire is subjected to a flattening operation after the wire has been introduced into position. The flattened portion 0, (shown in Fig. 6,) exceeding in width the original cross-section of the wire, prevents sliding back of the wire a through the aperture in the side d, and consequently the wire is rigidly lodged within the two sides at and e.

Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 illustrate the same method of securing a wire shaft a within the two sides (I e or hub portions of a sheet-metal wheel. The hub portion 6 of one side of the wheel is provided with an aperture of the shape illustrated by Fig. 11, and the hub portion (I of the other side of the wheel with a round hole, as shown in Fig. 8. The wire, prepared and shaped as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is introduced from the side e, its round end 0 projecting from the aperture in the hub d, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, after which the projecting end a is subjected to a flattening operation extending the width of the flattened end 0 beyond the original diameter of the wire. The flattened portion 0 cannot be Withdrawn from the round hole in the hub portion (1 and the wire is prevented from turning within the slotted portion of the hub e. The flattened portion 19 cannot be pushed forward through the round hole in the hub d, and consequently the wire is rigidly secured in the wheel, as illustrated by Figs. 9 and 10.

Another modification of this invention consists in forming the wire at once with two flattened portions 1) and c, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the intermediate portion f between the two flat portions 12 and 0 having the original diameter and shape of the wire a. To secure a wire prepared in this manner into the two sides or halves of a wheel or other article, the said two sides must be separate. The aperture in each of the two hubs dand e is exactly alike, shown in Fig. 11. The

hub 01 engaging the intermediate portion fof the wire Ct is turned through an angle of ninety degrees, thus placing the flat portion 0 across the slot of the hub, as shown in Fig. 12. The two halves of the wheel keeping this position are secured to each other by soldering or by mechanical means, and the shaft a is rigidly lodged between the two sides and prevented from turning around its longitudinal axis.

Another modification of this invention consists in deforming or flattening the wire a at only one portion of its length, the flattened portion being located either at the end of the wire, as shown in Figs. 13 and 15, or at an intermediate portion, as at b, Fig. 1-1.

Referring to Fig. 13, the end of the wire shaft 0. is rigidly secured within the side it of an article in the following manner: The said side it, of sheet metal or any other material, is provided with a narrow slot, as shown by Fig. 16. A disk, cap, or plate [6, having a round hole, as illustrated by Fig. 17, is placed against said slotted side it, and the said plate or disk may be connected to a similar guideplate i, which, however, forms no part of this invention and might as well be omitted. The guide-plate has a round hole similar to that in the disk 7c. The shaft at, having its end flattened, as atg, is first passed with its round stem through the hole of the plate or disk 70 and through the corresponding hole of the guide-plate i, if such be employed. The projecting flat end 9 then is introduced into the slit provided in the side 7t, after which the said plate or disk 70 is rigidly secured to the side 71 by soldering or by mechanical means. It will be easily seen that the round portion ororiginal cross section of the wire a cannot pass the slit within the side It and that the flattened portion 9 of the wire a cannot return through the round hole within the disk or plate 70. At the same time the wire is'prevented from turning owing to the flat portion 9 being lodged within the slit or plate h, and consequently the shaft a is rigidly secured within the side It.

The modification illustrated in Fig. 15 is substantially of the same kind; The shaft (1. is desired to be rigidly secured within the plate h, which is provided with a round hole, as shown in Fig. 17. When the said shaft a has been introduced with its round shank into the hole of plate h, the plate or disk 70, provided with a slit, as shown in Fig. 16, is shifted over the flattened portion 9 of the wire a, and the disk or plate 70 is then rigidly secured to the plate 7?. by soldering or other means. The flat portion 9 of the shaft a prevents the latter from being withdrawn toward the side of the plate It, and the round portion of the wire prevents the shaft a from being withdrawn toward the side of the plate 7c. The shaft a cannot be turned around its longitudinal axis owing to the fiat portion g being lodged within the slit of plate It. The shaft, therefore, is again rigidly secured.

In all the modifications before described itwill be seen that two bearings are employed and necessary for rigidly securing the wire. In Fig. 14 I have shown another modification in which three bearings are provided and the shaft or has only one flattened portion, as at b. To perform this mode of rigidly securing the wire, the wheel or other object is again made of two parts separate from each other before the wire has been lodged in position. To one of the two sides of the wheel-say to the inside of the hub da cup-shaped cap m or bearing-plate is rigidly secured. The said cap m is provided with an aperture of the shape represented in Fig. 11. The hub portions (1 and e of the two wheel sides have circular holes, such as shown in Figs. 8 and 17. The Wheel side carrying the hub e is first slipped onto the round portion of the shaft (.4. Then the flattened portion 6 of the wire is slipped into the aperture of the cap m, the

, round end of the wire a projecting from the round hole of the hub 01, after which the two halves of the wheel are rigidly secured to each other by soldering or mechanical means. It will be seen that the flattened portion b of the wire is prevented from being shifted forward and backward by the round holes of the two hub portions d and e and that turning of thewire is prevented by thefiat portion I), lodged within the bearing of the cap m. The wire a again is rigidly secured.

In the modification illustrated by Figs. 18 to 21 the wire shaft (1.- is intended to be rigidly secured to a handle consisting of two separate half parts 1" and 5. At one end the said half parts 1" and s have a lug t, with a slit traversing said lugs, and at the other end of said half parts a semicircular open bearing a is provided. The shaft or in this case is previously formed with two flat or deformed portions, as at b and 0, such as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The flat end o is first introduced into the slit of the lug t of one half part 7", as shown in Fig. 18, the round shaft being sunk into the open bearing a. the other half part sis slipped, with its slitted lug t, over the projecting free end 0 of the wire a, the two lugs t of the two half parts r and s overlapping each other, as shown Fig. 20. The bearing a of the half part .9 engages the round part of the shaft at opposite the hearing a of the other half part r. When the other parts is in place, as shown inFig. 19, the two halves r and s are rigidly secured to each other by any suitable means-for instance, by bending the projecting metal tongues o of one siderdown to clasp the edge of the counter side sand the shaft or is rigidly secured without soldering, sealing, or cementing the same between the two half parts 9" and s, the round portion f preventing the shaft from being shifted through the slits of the lugstand the fiat or deformed portion 1) preventing the shaft from being shifted toward the side of the bearings u. Instead of providing the two halves r and s with lugs 15, traversed by slits,

Then.

m as

as shown, a slit-shaped bearing for the flat end 0 of the wire may be formed in the same manner as the round bearing u-viz., by forming in one lngt an open bearing into which the flat end'c is laid and making the other lug t fit closely to the flat end 0, thus engaging the said flat end 0' between the two lugs t, which subsequently are joined to each other in any convenient manner-for instance, by metal tongues, same as o.

In lodging the shaft a between two or more parts, such as r and s, which areseparate in the direction of the axis or length of the shaft, instead of providing two separate fiat portions, such as b and c, on the shaft a'a single fiat portion might be employed. In this case a stop, collar, pin, or projecting part is secured to the wire a, as at to, Figs. 18 and 19, or such stop may be formed by the plate or casing into which the shaft enters. It will be seen that on providing astop'of this kind, located as at w, the handle'cannot be pushed forward nor backward on the shaft a, the forward motion being prevented by the said 'stop to, the backward motion by the impossibility of making the round bearing a slide over the flat portion b of the wire. In such case the two flat portions 12 and 0 may be made in one.

. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. The method of rigidly securing wire to other objects, consisting in flattening or deforming the original cross-section of the wire at one or more portions of its length, and lodging the same within two or more bearingapertures of non-registering contour, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The method of rigidly securing wire to other objects, consisting in previously providing the wire with a flattened or deformed portion at an intermediate part of its length, introducing the wire into two bearing-apertures of non-registering contour, and subse:

quently flattening or deforming the wire at another portion of its length, substantially as and for the purpose'described.

3. The method of rigidlysecuring wire to" other objects, consistingin previously provid: ing the wire with flattened or deformed portions, introducing the wire into two bearingapertures of substantially the same contour provided in separate parts of the object,

changing the position of one ofthe two apertures by turning one of the two separate parts of the object so that the contour of the apertures will not coincide, and finally, securing the two separate partsof the object to each other in their changed position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The method of rigidly securing .wire to other objects, consistingin flattening ordeforming the wire near one of its ends, lodging .7 the flattened or deformed portion within a 1 slot preventing the wire from being'turned,

passing the original portion of the wire through a corresponding aperture of a plate, disk or cap, and finally securing said plate, disk or cap to the piece having the slotted bearing portion, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The method of rigidly securing wire to other objects, consisting in flattening or deforming the wire near one of its ends, lodging the original portion of the wire within a bearing-aperture of the object to be secured, passing a slotted portion over the flattened or deformed end of the wire to engage the said end within the said slot, and, finally, securing the said slotted portion to the portion carrying the other bearing, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The method of rigidly securing wire to other objects, consisting in previously providing the wire with a flattened or deformed portion at an intermediate part of its length, lodging the wire within a plurality of bearingapertures provided in separate parts of the object to be secured, of which apertures a portion corresponds to the original crosssection of the wire and a portion to the fiattened or deformed portion, and finally securing the separate parts to each other, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The method of rigidly securing wire to other objects, consisting in previously providing the wire with flattened or deformed portions intermediate its length, and lodging the same between two separate half parts of the object to be secured, by passing the flattened or deformed end of the wire through corre sponding apertures provided in the two parts, engaging the round or original portion of the wire within corresponding semicircular beariiigs of the two half parts, and finally securing the said half parts to each other, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

ERNST PAUL LEHMANN.

Vitnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER. 

